What is Appendicitis?
Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small, tube-shaped organ attached to the large intestine. If untreated, the appendix can burst and cause serious infections, making it a medical emergency that often requires surgery.
Why Does Appendicitis Occur?
Appendicitis occurs when the appendix becomes blocked, either by stool, a foreign body, or an infection. This blockage can cause the appendix to swell and become inflamed. If the inflammation isn’t treated, the appendix may rupture, spreading bacteria into the abdomen.
Symptoms of Appendicitis
-
Sudden pain on the lower right side of the abdomen
-
Pain that worsens with movement, coughing, or sneezing
-
Nausea and vomiting
-
Loss of appetite
-
Fever
-
Constipation or diarrhea
-
Abdominal bloating
If you experience these symptoms, especially sharp pain on the right side of the abdomen, seek medical attention immediately.
Risk Factors for Appendicitis
While appendicitis can happen to anyone, some factors may increase the risk:
-
Age: It is most common in people between the ages of 10 and 30.
-
Family History: A family history of appendicitis can increase your likelihood of developing it.
-
Infections: Gastrointestinal infections or blockages can increase the risk.
Diagnosis of Appendicitis
Doctors diagnose appendicitis using a combination of:
-
Physical Exam: Pressing on the abdomen to check for tenderness.
-
Blood Tests: To check for signs of infection.
-
Imaging Tests: An ultrasound or CT scan is often used to confirm inflammation.
Treatment of Appendicitis
The primary treatment for appendicitis is surgery to remove the appendix, called an appendectomy. This can be done using:
-
Laparoscopic Surgery: A minimally invasive procedure with smaller incisions, leading to faster recovery.
-
Open Surgery: Used when the appendix has ruptured or in complicated cases.
In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to manage the infection before surgery or in cases of mild appendicitis.
Prevention of Appendicitis
There is no certain way to prevent appendicitis, but a diet high in fiber (fruits, vegetables, whole grains) may reduce the risk by promoting regular bowel movements and preventing blockages.